Gutondekanya impapuro

Impapuro zirashobora gushyirwa mubyiciro bikurikira hashingiwe kubintu byinshi.

Ukurikije amanota: Ubwa mbere impapuro zitunganijwe zivuye mubiti mbisi byitwa nkaimpapuro z'isugicyangwaimpapuro z'isugi.Impapuro zongeye gukoreshwani impapuro zabonetse nyuma yo gusubiramo impapuro z'isugi, impapuro zongeye gukoreshwa imyanda ubwayo cyangwa guhuza kwabo.

Ukurikije ubworoherane nubuvuzi bihabwa impapuro nimpapuro, bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: Impapuro zikoreshwa mugucapura, kuranga, kwandika, ibitabo nibindi bikozwe mubihumyo byitwa kandi byitwa nkaimpapuro nziza, n'impapuro zikoreshwa mugupakira ibikoresho byibiribwa bikozwe mumashanyarazi adahumanye bita nkaimpapuro.

Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe ibiribwa n’ubuziranenge bw’Ubuhinde (FSSAI), ibikoresho byo gupakira inkumi byonyine bigomba gukoreshwa mu guhuza ibiryo bitaziguye (FSSR2011).Impapuro zo gupakira ibiryo zirashobora gushyirwa mubyiciro bibiri bigari (1) hashingiwe kumiti cyangwa kuvura impapuro (2) ukurikije imiterere no guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye.Kuvura inkwi bigira ingaruka kumpapuro no kuyikoresha kuburyo bugaragara.Igice gikurikira kivuga ku bwoko butandukanye bwimpapuro zishingiye ku kuvura impapuro no gukoresha mu gupakira ibiryo.

Fibreboard(CFB)

Ibikoresho fatizo kuri CFB ahanini ni impapuro zubukorikori nyamara agave bagasse, ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda za tequila nabyo byari byarakoreshejwe mu gukora fibreboard (Iñiguez-Covarrubias et al.2001).Ububiko bwa fibreboard busanzwe bugizwe nibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi byimpapuro zishushanyije (liner) kandi ibice byibikoresho (umwironge) bishyirwa hagati yububiko kugirango bitange ingaruka zo kwikinisha no kurwanya abrasion.Ibikoresho bivanze byateguwe hifashishijwe korugatori ikubiyemo kunyuza impapuro zishushanyije hagati yimizingo ibiri ikurikiranye, hanyuma hagakurikiraho gufatira kumutwe kumutwe wa ruswa hanyuma liner igafatirwa kumashanyarazi ukoresheje igitutu (Kirwan2005).Niba ifite umurongo umwe gusa, ni urukuta rumwe;niba itondekanye kumpande zombi zirenze eshatu zisa cyangwa ebyiri zireba nibindi.Nk’uko ibiro bishinzwe ubuziranenge bw’Ubuhinde (IS 2771 (1) 1990), ubwoko bw’imyironge bwasobanuwe A (Mugari), B (Narrow), C (Hagati) na E (Micro).Ubwoko bw'imyironge bukoreshwa mugihe imitwe yo kwisiga ifite akamaro kanini, B ubwoko bukomeye kuruta A na C, C ni uguhuzagurika kumitungo hagati ya A na B na E biroroshye guhunika hamwe nibisohoka neza (IS: SP-7 NBC2016).Ibipfunyika byibiribwa bifashisha mirongo itatu na kabiri kwijana ryibicuruzwa byose byacometse mubihugu byu Burayi na mirongo ine ku ijana niba igice cyo gupakira ibinyobwa nacyo kirimo (Kirwan2005).Ikoreshwa muburyo butaziguye bwo guhuza ibiryo cyane cyane ku mbuto n'imboga, aho ibyiciro byose byimpapuro zishobora gukoreshwa nkibice byimbere ariko ibisabwa byateganijwe kurwego rwa pentachlorophenol (PCP), phthalate na benzophenone byagombaga kuzuzwa.

Ibice bishingiye ku makarito ya CFB mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubice byinshi bya yogurt ibikombe bya polystirene.Inyama, amafi, pizza, burger, ibiryo byihuse, umutsima, inkoko hamwe nifiriti yubufaransa birashobora gupakirwa muri fibreboards (Begley et al.2005).Imbuto n'imboga birashobora kandi gupakirwa kugirango bigemurwe ku masoko buri munsi.